![]() Treatment depends on the underlying cause. More than 400ml/day is not adequate for screening purposes. Considering that the total volume of the tracheal and bronchial lumen is about 150 cc, it may be reasonable to define massive hemoptysis as 200 ml, which is a little more than 150 ml, in terms of setting the threshold for fatal hemoptysis. The general definition of massive hemoptysis is more than 200 ml within 24 hours, but there is a wide range in the literature (100-600 ml). This is probably the most reasonable figure considering the overwhelming number of cases. Massive hemoptysis and mortality Īlthough there are reports that the fatality rate is as high as 80%, the mortality rate for hospitalized hemoptysis patients is 2669/28539=9.4%, calculated from the data in the article by Kinoshita et al. Hughes-Stovin syndrome and other variants of Behçet's disease.Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis.Foreign body aspiration and aspiration pneumonia.Endometriosis and thoracic endometriosis syndrome.Lung cancer, including both non-small cell lung carcinoma and small cell lung carcinoma.Sometimes hemoptysis may be rust-colored. Bright-red, foamy blood comes from the respiratory tract, whereas dark-red, coffee-colored blood comes from the gastrointestinal tract. The origin of blood can be identified by observing its color. Cardiac causes like congestive heart failure and mitral stenosis should be ruled out. Extensive non-respiratory injury can also cause one to cough up blood. ![]() īlood-laced mucus from the sinus or nose area can sometimes be misidentified as symptomatic of hemoptysis (such secretions can be a sign of nasal or sinus cancer, but also a sinus infection). Hemoptysis may be exacerbated or even caused by overtreatment with anticoagulant drugs such as warfarin. A rare cause of hemoptysis in women is endometriosis, which leads to intermittent hemoptysis coinciding with menstrual periods in 7% of women with thoracic endometriosis syndrome. Rarer causes include hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT or Rendu-Osler-Weber syndrome), Goodpasture's syndrome, and granulomatosis with polyangiitis. Less common causes include aspergilloma, bronchiectasis, coccidioidomycosis, pulmonary embolism, pneumonic plague, and cystic fibrosis. Other common causes include lung cancers and tuberculosis. In children, hemoptysis is commonly caused by the presence of a foreign body in the airway. The most common causes for hemoptysis in adults are chest infections such as bronchitis or pneumonia.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |